The universal material testing machine is mainly used to test large instruments and equipment such as elastic modulus, strength, toughness, fracture performance, bending performance, etc. of materials under various conditions. Measurement and testing units of enterprises and science and technology institutes must use testing machines for mechanical measurements in product inspection, production process quality control, material research, and teaching experiments of various materials. Therefore, universal material testing machines play a significant role in the development of the national economy, and their level of development reflects a country's industrial level. Due to the different types and characteristics of materials used in various industries, the requirements for testing machines are also different. This has led to a wide variety of testing machines, with over 500 varieties currently available in the domestic market. Among them, the universal material testing machine is the most widely used, which can be applied to both metal and non-metal materials, especially new materials such as high-strength steel, aluminum alloy, reinforced synthetic fibers, rubber and other materials. Conduct physical tests such as stretching, compression, and bending. Therefore, the research on universal material testing machines has always been highly concerned, which is the research background and main significance of universal material testing machines.